Symptoms like tiredness, tingling, memory issues, or weakness could be linked, but a simple blood test is the best way to confirm a vitamin B12 deficiency.
The problem with vitamin B12 deficiency is that it can be quite difficult to detect it as the signs and symptoms are usually already all over and is often misdiagnosed as something else
Sources: Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board, National Academies of Science, Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI): Recommended Dietary Allowances and Adequate Intakes , USA 2018, Mustafa Vakur Bor, Kristina M von Castel-Roberts, Gail PA Kauwell, Sally P Stabler, Robert H Allen, David R Maneval, Lynn B Bailey Ebba Nexo Daily intake of 4 to 7 g dietary vitamin B-12 is associated with steady concentrations of vitamin B-12related biomarkers in a healthy young population Am J Clin Nutr 2010 91: 3 571-577
Theyve measured changes in gene expression: for instance, BPC-157 rapidly increased the expression of dozens of genes related to healing in a rat skin wound model