hybridus is widely recognized as the most likely ancestor, its polyphyletic nature complicates this interpretation (Snchez-del Pino et al., 2025
Subcutaneous fat distribution affects absorption rates
Key Nutrients Depleted by Corticosteroids Corticosteroids are associated with depletion of multiple nutrients essential for tissue repair, immune defense, and metabolic stability, including: Calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, potassium, zinc, selenium, vitamin C, and protein (1) Mechanisms of Steroid-Induced Nutrient Depletion Calcium & vitamin D: Reduced intestinal absorption and increased urinary loss osteopenia and fracture risk Zinc, selenium & vitamin C: Impaired immune function, delayed wound healing, increased infection risk Protein: Accelerated protein breakdown muscle wasting and connective tissue weakness Magnesium & potassium: Electrolyte imbalance fatigue, weakness, and cardiac rhythm disturbances Why Steroid-Induced Nutrient Depletion Impairs Healing By chronically elevating cortisol signaling, corticosteroids shift the body into a catabolic, stress-dominant state
Nature 475 , 9195 (2011)
