INGREDIENT RETINOID, VITAMIN A DERIVATIVE Retinol also known as Vitamin A, Retinyl Alcohol Function May help support skin cell turnover, collagen synthesis, and reduction of fine lines and wrinkles through vitamin A receptor activation How it works Retinol undergoes metabolic conversion to retinaldehyde and retinoic acid, which bind to nuclear retinoid receptors (RAR and RXR) in keratinocytes and fibroblasts
Fatal outcomes documented at therapeutic doses: The first documented case of a pregnant woman dying from liver failure after taking normal, recommended doses of acetaminophen
McWhinney, Martin Alda, Nina Alexander, Gerard Anmella, Christoph Ab, Luisa Altegoer, Francesco H
The recurring findings were that the substances are not well characterised, that human evidence of effectiveness is thin or absent for the proposed routes of administration, and that immunogenicity risk has not been assessed