Approximately 1% of oral B12 is absorbed through passive diffusion, independent of intrinsic factor, making high doses effective even in pernicious anaemia
A healthy follicle can keep this up for 2 to 7 years , but throw in poor nutrition or a hormonal curveball, and it might clock out early
(4) The researchers reported, On days 6, 10, and 13, tripeptide-copper complex-treated wounds contained significantly lower concentrations of TNF-alpha and MMP-2 and MMP-9 than control wounds. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation, along with matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) enzymes that break down extracellular matrix proteins might potentially influence both the inflammatory processes and the remodeling of tissues
Some clinical studies have found elevated lactate levels (395, 396) in ME/CFS patient blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and muscles, suggesting there is reduced oxidative phosphorylation and a switch to anaerobic glycolysis (392, 397399)