Schizosaccharomyces japonicus / Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixed starter cultures: new perspectives for the improvement of Sangiovese aroma, taste, and color stability
These include increased expression of glutamate cysteine ligase (also referred to as -glutamylcysteine synthetase) to promote GSH synthesis (272), upregulation of glutaredoxins that catalyze the reduction of S-glutathionylated proteins in the mitochondrial membrane (22), and increased expression and activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), which regulates the expression of several genes essential for GSH synthesis and homeostasis (188)
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In DKD, upregulation of local angiotensin II in the renal tubule, activation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and reduction of nitric oxide (NO) (60) can lead to constriction of both the afferent and efferent arterioles, as well as the interlobular arteries, compromising blood flow regulation