1 Introduction Curcumin is a yellow-orange pigment obtained from the plant Curcuma longa Linn, a rhizomatous monocotyledonous perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), known as haldi in Hindi, and recognised by different names worldwide: Ukon, Woolgum, Kunyit, Oendre, Rame, Temu kuning, Temu kunyit, Goeratji, Kakoenji, Koenjet, Kondin, Tius, Kunir, Gianghuang, etc ( Curcuma longa Linn is cultivated in India and tropical countries, predominantly in China and Southeast Asia
The relationship between glutathione and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases is closely tied to its ability to maintain redox balance and reduce oxidative stress, which is a key driver of heart conditions
However, in this pathway, melatonin increases the concentration and activation of ERK, a molecule that regulates protein transcription in the cell nucleus, by acting on PKA and decreasing the formation of cAMP that induces negative regulation of the expression of mitogenic proteins and the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 [28,30]
El-Shebly AA
