EAAC1 gene expression is promoted by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) [64], regulatory factor X1 (RFX1) [65], and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) [66], while miR-96-5p, which is one of the microRNAs (miRNAs), has a target sequence in the 3-UTR of EAAC1 and suppresses the protein expression of EAAC1 posttranslationally, leading to decreased GSH levels in the brain [67,68] (Figure 3)
This is not usually a problem for Threshold Substances (at least not now see below for historical injustices relating to Threshold Substances), as an adjustment is made, as set out in Technical Document TD2019DL, in order to avoid the risk of false positives arising from an athletes hydration status
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For example, DPP-4 cleaves BNP (132) into BNP (332), which is regularly detected in the plasma of patients with congestive HF [97]