Biochemical evidence indicated that energy failure due to defects in oxidative phosphorylation altered vascular tone and prevented the recycling of reactive oxygen species, which are possible mechanisms responsible for triggering migraine headaches (141)
The one honest exception: TB-500 works partly by mass-action, so a higher local concentration in the brief window before it disperses is at least plausible
[76] Ruminants, such as cows and sheep, are foregut fermenters, meaning that plant food undergoes microbial fermentation in the rumen before entering the true stomach (abomasum), thus allowing them to absorb the vitamin B 12 produced by the bacteria
Drmi, D., Kolenc, D., Ili, S., Bauk, L., Sever, M., Sever, A., & Sikiri, P