Kojic acid can be found in a number of different types of cosmetic products, including powders, serums, creams, cleansers, and soaps
Commonly used phospholipids in these nanostructured vesicles include phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol [129]
Particularly in different pathophysiological scenarios, mitophagy has been confirmed to exert both protective and detrimental effects, and the underlying mechanisms of this bidirectional regulatory effect have not yet been fully elucidated
Antioxidants such as ascorbate (vitamin C), glutathione, coenzyme Q and vitamin E oxidize when they capture free radicals