Several studies have shown that FM patients have lower levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, which may contribute to the development of chronic pain and depressive symptoms 20,21
The best results appear around the eyes, mouth, forehead, and cheeks
Clinical studies have shown that it has several antiaging and cardio- and neuro-protective properties, and can also alleviate osteoarticular, urologic, and menopause-related discomfort.60 The extract has also been found to have a photoprotective, modulating effect on skin pigmentation.61 Several RCTs evaluating the use of French maritime pine bark extract have shown a significant reduction in signs of facial aging, such as wrinkles and solar lentigines,62,63 and increased levels of hyaluronan synthase and type I collagen.64 Another RCT (n=76) showed increased skin elasticity and hydration and decreased skin darkening in Asians working in highly polluted areas after treatment for 12 weeks.65 No relevant adverse effects were reported
Provider reassesses some patients continue, others cycle off
