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'Cut down to quit' with nicotine replacement therapies in smoking cessation: a systematic review of effectiveness and economic analysis

It is a benign pigmentary condition caused by melanocytes responding to chemicals in tobacco smoke

The study used data from 22 previous studies involving more than 320,000 adults, mostly in the United States, comparing health risks and outcomes for people who smoked and people who didn't

The trial, conducted by a multi-institutional group of public health experts led by the University of California San Diego, included 357 participants aged 21-65 from San Diego County who smoked at least five packs of cigarettes per day